What about Teeth Whitening ?

 Teeth whitening is a highly effective way of lightening the natural colour of your teeth without removing any of the tooth surface.
Why whiten my teeth?
White teeth look great- attractive, youthful and clean. Few people have naturally white teeth, and teeth can become darker with age. Smoking and drinks such as tea, coffee and red wine will also progressively darken the teeth.
What does teeth whitening involve?
Teeth whitening is a bleaching process that lightens discoloration and removes stains from within the enamel of the teeth. During your consultation the procedure will be discussed with you to determine if tooth whitening is suitable in your case. Teeth whitening does not affect the colour of artificial teeth, crowns, veneers or fillings. An impression of your teeth is taken with a dental compound. This is used to make thin, clear trays, which fit snugly over your teeth. You are given syringes of gel that contain a 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent. You simply place some of the gel in the tray and fit it over your teeth for a few hours daily for one to three weeks. You need to wear the tray for at least three hours each day- or overnight if you prefer. We will see you again to review progress after two weeks.
Is the process safe?
Yes. Research and clinical studies indicate that whitening teeth with carbamide peroxide and/or hydrogen peroxide under the supervision of a dentist is safe for teeth and gums.
How much does it cost?
Teeth whitening at Studental costs £198. This includes: impressions, upper and lower whitening trays, storage case, six syringes of whitening gel (usually enough for about three weeks of whitening if necessary), a follow-up appointment and advice.
How long will my teeth stay whiter?
The effects of whitening normally last for many years, although this will vary from person to person. Inevitably with time the teeth will start to darken again due to drinks and food (and more rapidly if you are a smoker). Most people like to maintain their whitening effect by using the gel for one or two nights every three to six months. Additional syringes of gel can be purchased for £15 each.
Is teeth whitening OK for everyone?
Teeth whitening can only lighten the existing colour of your natural teeth. It will not work on any types of ‘false’ teeth such as crowns, veneers or dentures. These may need replacing if they are stained or are the wrong colour. If you have white fillings, these will not change and may also need to be replaced to match your whitened teeth.
What if I am pregnant?
To date, there has been no testing done on the effects of teeth whitening while pregnant or breast-feeding. To be cautious we recommend that you do not have your teeth whitened during pregnancy.
Are there any side effects?
Most people find that their teeth become sensitive to cold during the treatment. This lessens after a few days, but you may find you need to have a break from whitening for a day or so or use a toothpaste such as “Sensodyne” to reduce the effect. If you have natural white flecks in your enamel these will become more apparent during treatment but will fade following treatment.
 

Are there other methods?
Yes: “Zoom”, “power whitening” and “laser whitening” are all techniques which are completed at a single visit in the surgery. They use extra strong gels kept on the teeth for an hour and activated using bright lights. There are some disadvantages to this technique: it is more expensive (typically £450-600), can be painful and can produce a less long-term shade change of the teeth; largely due to dehydration of the enamel.
What about whitening toothpastes?
Whitening toothpastes do not affect the natural colour of your teeth. They may be effective at removing staining and may help maintain the effect of professional whitening.
What about home kits?
Home kits are cheap, but are usually not very effective. Over-thecounter kits sold in the UK are not recommended as they contain only a very small concentration of peroxide (the whitening agent). To be effective gels need to have at least 3.6%. Many home kits contain mild acids and/or abrasives. Acid or abrasives used on the teeth will ultimately make the teeth even yellower with time by damaging the enamel of your teeth.

DENTAL CARE

Evidence shows that proper dental care and oral hygiene maintenance vastly decrease dental problems and are essential to childhood health and well-being. Evidence indicates that Schools of the 21st Century provide precisely the mix of education and services to improve students’ oral health and overall well-being. In this issue brief, we examine how Schools of the 21st Century implement cost-effective and efficient dental care programs.

Extent of the Problem

Tooth decay and other preventable dental problems begin early; more than a quarter of children age 2 to 5 had decayed baby teeth. Approximately half of children have had cavities by the age of 11. By the age of 19, tooth decay in one or more permanent teeth affects 68 percent of adolescents.

Yet, more than 25 percent of poor children enter kindergarten never having seen a dentist.

Dental problems negatively impact a student’s ability to attend and participate fully in school. Tooth decay may result in pain, poor nutrition, dysfunctional speech, lack of concentration, poor appearance, low self-esteem, and absenteeism. According to the US Surgeon General, American schoolchildren lose more than 51 million school hours each year due to dental problems.

Tooth decay becomes larger and more expensive to repair when left untreated. Both preventing tooth decay and treating existing dental problems are essential to good childhood health and well-being.

Key Risk Factors Related to Poor Dental Health

Understanding the roots of dental problems is important to determine appropriate school-based interventions. These are discussed as follows.

Affordability of Dental Care

As with health care, dental care can be prohibitively expensive for families. More than 20 million American children lack dental insurance and uninsured children are 2.5 times less likely to receive dental care than insured children, detailed in the table on the following page.

Tooth decay is the single most common—and preventable—chronic childhood disease. In the United States, childhood tooth decay is five times more common than asthma and seven times more common than hay fever.

Schools are uniquely suited to promote oral health; research shows that school-based oral health programs can reduce tooth decay and promote oral health.

Teeth whitening side effects

Minimalism in the art world refers to something in its most basic form. It is a reduction to fundamentals. Teeth whitening is a basic procedure that does not fundamentally change anything except to eliminate staining and discoloration. The teeth whitening side effects, as a result, are minimal. It is a procedure that, if utilized correctly, has no disadvantages. 

Self Expression

We are each unique human beings. We have different physical and emotional make-ups. We also react to things differently. The degree of teeth whitening side effects is dependent upon the individual's situation.

• There can be increased temperature sensitivity in the teeth. This is a result of using whitening agents with peroxide. Normally, the temperature sensitivity will decrease and eventually disappear several days after the whitening procedure.
• For a short while after the procedure, the gums may be a bit sensitive. This sensitivity will also disappear in a few days.
• Infrequently, a tooth may begin to hurt after the procedure. This can occur if the whitening agent reaches the tooth nerve. Normally, when this happens, the mild discomfort disappears in a few days.
• Tooth molds worn at night can cause gum irritation. The irritation will disappear after a few days of not wearing the mold.

If over the counter whitening kits are used, the tooth tray that holds the gel will not fit your teeth snugly. In this situation, the bleaching gel may ooze beyond the tray and reach your gums. In this case, the gums mayl become sensitive. It is best to use a dentist fitted mold if at all possible. The dentist will make sure that the teeth tray fits well enough that your gums are not exposed to the whitening agent. This will insure that the tooth whitening side effects are kept to a minimum.

If an over the counter whitening kit is used too often, the bleaching gel can wear away the enamel on the teeth. You should always follow the directions on the kit. Once again, it is best to use an in-office whitening procedure whenever possible so your dentist can monitor progress. Tooth whitening side effects are not severe, and the end result is worth any temporary discomfort.

Less Is More

In minimalist architecture the philosophy is "less is more". In other words, you can speak volumes with carefully designed structure. Tooth whitening is a process that speaks volumes when you smile. Teeth that are discolored are unnatural looking and disconcerting. Tooth whitening is a simple procedure that produces big results. The tooth whitening side effects are normally so few as to be unworthy of mention. But nonetheless, it is important to understand all possible consequences. Many people have a concern about the safety of using bleaching products in the mouth. At the dentist, many precautions are taken to insure that the bleaching agent does not reach anywhere except on your teeth. The at-home kits have clear instructions about the amount of gel to apply at any time.

Everyone should have a clear understanding of tooth whitening side effects before beginning the procedure. But once you understand how the process works, your concerns will be alleviated.

Instructions for Bleaching of Non-vital Teeth

1. Confirm that the root canal treatment is correctly done and that there is no periradicular

disease. If necessary, retreat the canal.

2. Isolate the tooth, preferably with rubber dam.

3. Remove GP for 4-5 mm below alveolar crest.

4. Fill this root canal space with polycarboxylate cement eg Durelon.

5. Remove and replace any existing decay, leaking or discoloured restorations.

6. Remove excess cement and cut deep, well defined undercuts underneath the entire

circumference of the access cavity. This is extremely important. The procedure is

totally dependant upon the seal and retention of the temporary restoration.

7. Using a cotton wool pledget and chloroform clean the access cavity. The

chloroform removes debris and fatty deposits.

8. Mix 20-30% hydrogen peroxide with sodium perborate into a creamy mixture.

Use fresh hydrogen peroxide, preferably a brand new bottle.

9. Introduce the mixture into the access cavity with a flat plastic instrument.

10. At this stage, the chairside assistant should start mixing the reïnforced zinc oxide

eugenol (IRM) temporary restoration. Simultaneously, the dentist removes all of

the bleaching material (peroxide/ sodium perborate) from the undercuts, using a

spoon excavator. This is the difficult part, because the mixture is runny, but it has

to be done correctly. If the mixture is present inside a section of the undercut it

will cause the temporary restoration to leak and there will be no bleaching.

11. Place the IRM into the access cavity,ensuring that it goes into the prepared, clean,

dry undercuts. Use the fingers to maintain pressure until the IRM has set

completely. Do not neglect this step.

12. Remove excess IRM. Check occlusion.

13. Dismiss patient. Recall at two weeks. Repeat procedure every two weeks until

desired shade is achieved. Bleach a shade too white to allow for relapse.

14. Restore access cavity with resin composite

how to whiten your teeth at home

 Don't spend your hard-earned money on expensive teeth whitening kits! Get the very same results absolutely free. Don't pay a high office call to go to the dentist and get your teeth professionally whitened! You can have white teeth with things that are probably just sitting in your medicine chest or kitchen cupboard. Don't bother with those gel packs that you have to leave on your teeth. Don't buy that expensive mouthwash for smokers! You have everything that you need to brighten and whiten your teeth right in your own home. Remember that this is free and it works. 

this video shows how to whiten your teeth at home

enjoy it

The three most common ways to whiten your teeth

In most cases, the natural colour of teeth is within a range of light grayish-yellow shades. Teeth naturally darken with age and their appearance can be affected by the accumulation of surface stains. In addition, the perception of the colour of teeth is severely affected by skin tone and make-up. People with darker skin or who use dark makeup will look like they have brighter teeth.
Although teeth are not naturally meant to be completely white, many Canadians want a brighter smile. Responding to this desire, a wide range of "whitening" options has become available to consumers. These products fall into two main categories: surface whiteners and bleaches. Before purchasing any tooth whitener, you should consult your dentist. Taking into account your unique oral health conditions, your dentist will be able to determine what, if any, tooth whitener is the right one for you.

Start a Great Daily Oral Health Regime
• Brush twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste
• Floss and clean between your teeth once a day
• Schedule regular exams and cleanings with your dentist
• Limit stain-causing drinks such as red wine, tea and coffee
• Cease habits such as smoking and chewing tobacco.

Common Teeth-whitening Options
In-office whiteningThe procedure usually takes 30 to 90 minutes, and one to three visits to the dental office. A protective gel, shield or rubber dam is used to protect your gums from the bleaching agent which is usually a form of hydrogen peroxide. A bleaching agent is then applied or "painted" onto your teeth and heat or high-intensity lights used to enhance the whitening process.


At home whitening
This is usually done by applying a bleaching solution to a custom-formed mouthguard that is left in the mouth for a specified time. Some products are intended for twice-daily use for up to two weeks. Others are intended for overnight use for one to two weeks.


Whitening toothpastes
All toothpastes remove surface stains through the action of mild abrasives. Whitening toothpastes contain special chemicals or polishing agents that have additional surface-stain removing properties, but don’t alter the intrinsic colour of the teeth.

It's important to know that not everyone’s teeth will “whiten” to the same degree. It depends on the number of teeth involved, the severity of discolouration and the natural colour of your teeth. The perception of the colour of your teeth is also influenced by skin tone.

Some patients may find that the soft tissue of the gums can become sensitive or irritated by the mouthguard or the solution. If you have concerns, it is important that you bring these to the attention of your dentist.

How To Make Your Teeth White

Tooth whitening (or bleaching) is a simple, non-invasive dental treatment used to change the color of natural tooth enamel and is an ideal way to enhance the beauty of your smile. Because having whiter teeth has now become the number one aesthetic concern of most patients, there are a number of ways to whiten teeth. The most popular method is using a home tooth whitening system that will whiten teeth dramatically. Since tooth whitening only works on natural tooth enamel, it is important to evaluate replacement of any old fillings, crowns, etc. Replacement of any restorations will be done after bleaching so they will match the newly bleached teeth. Tooth whitening is not permanent. A touch-up maybe needed every several years, and more often if you smoke, drink coffee, tea, or wine.

In-Office Whitening

Significant color change in a short period of time is the major benefit of in-office whitening. This

protocol involves the carefully controlled use of a relatively high-concentration peroxide gel, applied to the teeth by the dental assistant after the gums have been protected with a paint-on rubber dam.

Generally, the peroxide remains on the teeth for several 8 minute intervals that add up to an hour (at most). Those with particularly stubborn staining may be advised to return for one or more additional bleaching sessions, or may be asked to continue with a home-use whitening system.

Professionally Dispensed Take-Home Whitening Kits Take-home kits incorporate an easy-to-use lower-concentration peroxide gel that remains on the teeth for 30-90 minutes. The lower the peroxide percentage, the longer it may safely remain on the teeth. The  gel is applied to the teeth using custom-made bleaching trays that resemble mouth guards.

Teeth Whitening Method

Teeth whitening, popularly known as teeth bleaching, is a procedure that lightens and removes stains from the teeth. This teeth whitening method bleaches the tooth enamel and dentin. These two are the principal mass of a tooth. By bleaching them it brightens up the discolored teeth.

Dentists advise on the numerous strategies of tooth whitening offered within the market. A number of the ways of tooth whitening are the employment of over-the-counter whitening systems; dentist dispensed at-home product, laser tooth whitening method; Loaded Tray Teeth Whitening method and in-office whitening methods. Dentists take into account tooth bleaching using peroxide chemical as the simplest method for maximum whitening result.

The straightforward yet easy technique of tooth whitening is the use of over-the-counter topical teeth whitening products that has whitening toothpastes and gels, whitening strips, a band aid containing peroxide to put directly on the teeth, are only among all other over-the-counter products.

In the Loaded Tray method of Tooth Whitening, dentists load prescribed bleaching or whitening gel Carbamide Peroxide within the custom-made or ready-made tray and fix it with the gum. The chemical reacts with saliva to unleash Hydrogen Peroxide and substantial whitening is noticed about two to 3 weeks of sporting the tray.

In the Laser Teeth Whitening method, Carbamide Peroxide, a bleaching agent, is applied on to the teeth together with laser to quickly activate the reaction between the teeth and therefore the peroxide. This clinical treatment is costlier than all different strategies of teeth whitening.

Within the Blue Light Teeth Whitening method, a blue light is used to quickly activate the reaction between Hydrogen Peroxide and also the teeth. The impact of this professional treatment lasts for many years. Users of this technique of teeth whitening visualize the effect immediately after few clinical sitting with the dentist.

In at-home based ways of teeth whitening, gels containing a resolution of carbamide / hydrogen peroxide is employed which provide good result when prolonged usage.

Individuals committed to a busy lifestyle ought to employ professional services in teeth whitening for the perfecta teeth whitening. On the other hand, those that are not so busy can patiently bleach at home using home-based teeth whitening methods.

Alta White Teeth Whitening Pen

One excellent product available out there right now is the Alta White teeth whitening pen. Alta White has been available for many years now, however it has only acquired massive popularity lately due to such dramatic results that its customers have been getting.

Alta White operates by lifting stains acquired from coffee, tea, smoking, and other sources through the utilization of oxygen bubbles. It’s a dual step process designed to get your teeth to whiten in as early as seven days, whereas most alternative products will take months to take effect.

When buying teeth whitening products online, it is important for you to ensure yourself with money back guarantees. Read the fine print of any ad before clicking that famous “buy now” button on any product you mean to buy to whiten your teeth at home. Regardless if a certain website claims that it is the foremost tooth whitening system online, there is still a chance that it might not be effective for you. Given some conditions, you can actually return the product that you purchased and get your money back when the product does not satisfy your requirements. It is still best to go through a few review articles and satisfied customers success stories about a particular product first before choosing the dental whitening kit to buy.

For this, there is one great plus point for Alta white. It is a teeth whitening brand that offers a free trial package. This permits you to determine your results before you decide to buy it. Once using this teeth whitener for simply seven days however, you’ll definitely be impressed with the results and keep using it.

If you happen to be looking for the top teeth whitening products, make sure to try out the Alta White Teeth Whitening Pen before you buy alternative teeth whiteners. See for yourself how you can great nice results fast.

Interview with Zadie Smith from Bold Type

How did you get started on White Teeth? Did you go to university to study fiction writing? Did you always write stories when you were growing up? The novel began as a short story, which expanded. It was a natural enough thing to happen. My short stories have always pushed twenty pages. That's no length for a short story to be. You either do them short like Carver or you stop trying. Besides, I was walking into novella territory, which is no good, so when I got to eighty pages, and after the encouragement of a few people, I just kept going. I went to University to study English Literature. I never attended a creative writing class in my life. I have a horror of them; most writers groups moonlight as support groups for the kind of people who think that writing is therapeutic. Writing is the exact opposite of therapy. The best, the only real training you can get is from reading other people's books. I spent three years in college and wrote three and a half stories but I read everything I could get my hands on. White Teeth is really the product of that time; it's like the regurgitation of the kind of beautiful, antiquated, left-side-of-the-brain liberal arts education which is dying a death even as I write this. Generally, an English Lit degree trains you to be a useless member of the modern world and that's what I'm being in the only way I know how. I didn't always write stories when I was young. I wrote some, but I've never been prolific. From the age of five to fifteen, I really wanted to be a musical movie actress. I tap danced for ten years before I began to understand people don't make musicals anymore. All I wanted to do was be at MGM working for Arthur Freed or Gene Kelly or Vincent Minelli. Historical and geographical constraints made this impossible. Slowly but surely the pen became mightier than the double pick-up timestep with shuffle.

 
Who did you show the novel to first? I read what I had to friends. In a college atmosphere like Cambridge you're fortunate enough to be surrounded by about five hundred wannabe William Hazlitts, so it's not difficult to get feedback, constructive criticism etc. I love to be edited if the editing is intelligent and I had about five good friends who were essential to the germination and progression of the book. Where and when do you do your writing? Any small room with no natural light will do. As for when, I have no particular schedules... afternoons are best, but I'm too lethargic for any real regime. When I'm in the flow of something I can do a regular 9 to 5; when I don't know where I'm going with an idea, I'm lucky if I do two hours of productive work. There is nothing more off-putting to a would-be novelist to hear about how so-and-so wakes up at four in the a.m, walks the dog, drinks three liters of black coffee and then writes 3,000 words a day, or that some other asshole only works half an hour every two weeks, does fifty press-ups and stands on his head before and after the "creative moment." I remember reading that kind of stuff in profiles like this and becoming convinced everything I was doing was wrong. What's the American phrase? If it ain't broke...

How did you do your research for the historical parts of White Teeth?
The same way anyone researches anything from a Ph.D. to a family tree: libraries, internet, movies, occasionally stories people told me--but mostly just books. Books, books, books. As far as I'm concerned, if you want to find out about the last day of WWII or the roots of the Indian Mutiny, get thee to a books catalogue. People who were actually there rarely ever tell you anything of wider interest. Everyone's a navel-gazer. I have a friend who's grandmother was born in 1902; she's a ninety-eight old intelligent Jewish lady who's lived this whole century. Ask her what the first World War was like, and she'll tell you the woman she lived next.

Are you an only child? Are there any echoes of your family in the novel?
Nope. Two brothers of 22 and 16 who are about to revolutionize British hip-hop (they pinch me if I don't say that) as well as a half sister and a half brother in their mid-forties. I'm extremely close to my younger brothers; family is everything and that's why none of my family appear in White Teeth in any obvious way. The people in the book are fairly savage to each other. My family are a much happier, calmer unit than Archie's. The Smiths could never keep up with the Joneses